Modifications

Modifications are changes to what a student is expected to learn. Unlike accommodations, which leave the standard intact and change only how the student accesses it, modifications change the standard itself. A shortened spelling list, a reading assignment replaced with a below-grade-level text, or grading against an alternative rubric are all modifications.

Because modifications alter grade-level expectations, they have downstream consequences. A high school student who receives modified coursework may not be on track for a standard diploma. IEP teams should be explicit with families about these trade-offs and document the rationale.

Modifications must be written into the IEP and, like accommodations, are binding on the general education teacher as well as the special education team.